Endosymbiotic gene replacement There are two kinds of such replacement: one is when a host gene present in the nucleus, takes over the function of an endosymbiont gene, resulting in loss of the latter. The second is when a host nuclear gene is replaced by an endosymbiont gene transferred to the host nucleus. In the first case, this process generally is accompanied by duplication of a host nuclear gene, followed by one copy is acquiring a proper endosymbiont/organelle-targeting signal.
https://depot.ceon.pl/bitstream/handle/123456789/3286/Endosymbiotic%20Theory.pdf?sequence=1
Endosymbiotic gene replacement There are two kinds of such replacement: one is when a host gene present in the nucleus, takes over the function of an endosymbiont gene, resulting in loss of the latter. The second is when a host nuclear gene is replaced by an endosymbiont gene transferred to the host nucleus. In the first case, this process generally is accompanied by duplication of a host nuclear gene, followed by one copy is acquiring a proper endosymbiont/organelle-targeting signal.
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CUHK IGEM 2010--BioencryptionOur ProjectData encryption and storage has always been an important branch of research in computer engineering. In our project, we explored the possibility of harnessing a biological system as an alternative solution for data en/decryption and storage. Using bacteria as the information storage device is not new. However the practicability of previous research is being doubt due to the limited size of information available to be inserted into the bacteria.
We recognized the current barricades in developing a truly useful system and we forecasted the indispensable modules that one would be anticipating when putting fantasy into reality. This year, we have proposed a model that is a true, massively parallel bacterial data storage system In addition we have created an encryption module with the R64 Shufflon-Specific Recombinase to further secure the information. Together with the data proof-read/correction and random access modules developed, our expectation is high - we believe this could be an industrial standard in handling large scale data storage in living cells. http://2010.igem.org/files/presentation/Hong_Kong-CUHK.pdf An encoding system takes the original data, turns it into a quaternary number, and then encodes it as a DNA sequence. Encryption is achieved through DNA sequence shuffling. That process also involves compressing the data to allow for more storage within the same sequence. Karamojong woman with scarification. | Picture taken in the 30s | © AFP/ CLERISSE The Meanings Behind the Marks: Scarification and the people of WA Lauren Cullivan 4-1-1998 http://dh101.humanities.ucla.edu/DH101Fall12Lab5/archive/files/4e872e32b9fd18a1a8cc5dbe2cfacc29.pdf Yoruba Scarification
Image by bbc.com
http://www.haft2.com/2015/01/20/listening-to-colour-with-neil-harbisson/ Image by parismatch.com open-source electronics prototyping platform http://www.arduino.cc/ Coding skin to blink with LEDS? https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Midi MIDI data is usually notated in hexadecimal because MIDI banks and instruments are grouped in groups of 16. Interactive musical skin?
http://diybio.org/ http://www.pellinglab.net/ http://biohackspace.org/ "Do-it-yourself biology is a growing movement in which individuals, communities, and small organisations, study biology and life science using the same methods as traditional research institutions. DIY biology is primarily undertaken by individuals with extensive research training from academia or corporations, who then mentor and oversee other DIY biologists with no formal training. This may be done as a hobby, sometimes called biohacking, as a not-for-profit endeavor for community learning and open-science innovation, or for profit, to start a business." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do-it-yourself_biology CUT PASTE GROW encapsulated the cross talk of science, biohacking communities and artworks that todays BioArt encompasses. Such collaborations could become the norm, with the first Dutch Wetlab opening its doors in the Waag last weekend just in time to host the annual European DIYbio meetup. Shiho Fukuhara thinks that “getting access to a fully functioning lab and being able to utilize all it’s tools can be quite a barrier and ‘amateur biohacking’ can help surmount this barrier.” Jalia Essadi believes that “for an artist to truly reflect she needs to engage with the actual materials. These days the knowledge and tools are becoming more accessible. DIYbio labs offer a different approach to the professional environment and a lot of pioneering work in this field will be done in community run biohacking spaces.” However Simon Park is a little more circumspect in his appraisal: “DIYBio and Citizen Science are great, but often it just mimics the work of scientist to allow public access to the process. I think art should offer something more than this, so I don't see DIYBio as art. The diversity of approaches means that the definition of bioart remains accordingly fluid. Andy Gracie, another co-founder of Hackteria, feels that “bioart now includes artists who use biological material as maybe one element of a wider piece of work, not using the manipulation or reappropriation of that material as the sole focus”. Works like Revital Cohen's 'The Immortal' go a step further – all biological matter is deliberately abstracted. A series of life-support machines connect to each other, circulating air and liquids in an attempt to mimic a biological structure. It's a reflection on the dominant, mechanistic, view of life enshrined in todays bioscience, with synthetic biology the most explicit exponent. But where is the art amidst this commentary? Jennifer Willet feels that “bioart is an exploration of life as media through contemporary art”, echoing the additional qualities that an artistic disposition can bring to the life science. Marc Dusseiler and Andy Gracie offered that “art has always been particularly good at confronting complex multiple narratives. Society lags behind the modernized perception of nature which is in place in the life sciences. Bioarts and Biohacking can induce a paradigm shift of how nature is perceived by the public.”
http://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/16506/1/bioart-now-%E2%80%93-part-2 Text Stephen Fortune |